Organic Chemistry 2
General Outline & Index:
Resonance and π-systems
- Conjugation and Heats of Hydrogenation
Aromatic, Anti-Aromatic, & Non-Aromatic
- Huckel's Rule (4n+2)
- Nomenclature of Substituted Benzenes & their Intractable Common Names
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (SEAr)
- Activation and De-activation
- Regiochemistry around Benzene; Directing Groups (R and I effects)
- Arenium Cation
- Synthesis of Polysubstituted Benzene Rings
- Halogenation
- Sulfonation
- Friedel-Crafts Alkylation
- Friedel-Crafts Acylation
- Nitration
- Diazotization
- Smiles Rearrangement
- Sandmeyer Reaction
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution (SNAr)
- Conditions Amenable for SNAr
- Meisenheimer Intermediates
- Benzyne
- Kine Products
Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
- Dissolving Metal Reductions
- Catalytic Hydrogenation
- Oxidation and Transition Metals
Ketones and Aldehydes
- Carbon Nucleophiles
- Grignard Reaction
- Cyanohydrin Synthesis
- Nitrogen Nucleophiles β
- Imines
- Alkylimines
- Enamines
- Oxygen Nucleophilesβ
- Keto-Enol Tautomerization
Carboxylic Acid Derivatives and Carbonyl (Acyl) Substitution
- Acid Halides
- Acid Anhydrides
- Esters
- Lactones
- Amides
- Latams
- Nitriles
- Acidic and Basic Mechanisms for Acid Derivatives & Hydrolysis
Reactions at the α-Carbon
- pKa Ranges for the Carbonyl Compounds
- Enols and Enolates
- Aldol Reaction
- Aldol Condensation
- α-Halogenation/alkylation
- α,β-unsaturation carbonyl compounds (enones and enoates)
- β-oxo and β-hydroxy Carbonyl Compounds
- α,β-unsaturation carbonyl compounds (enones and enoates)
- The Michael Reaction (Conjugate addition reactions)
- HSAB (Hard/Soft Acid Base Theory)
- Claisen Condensation
- Decarboxylation
- Dieckmann Condensation
- Robinson Annulation
Pericyclic Reactions
- Molecular Orbitals and Aromatic Transitions States (Hückel's Rule revisited)
- The Conservation of Orbital Symmetry
- Cycloaddition Reactions
- The Diels-Alder [4+2] Reaction
- The Retro-Diels-Alder Reaction
- The Alder Endo Rule
- Fused Polycyclic Compounds and their Nomenclature
- Sigmatropic Rearrangements
- The Cope Rearrangement
- The Claisen Rearrangement
- Stereoselectivity of Antara- and Suprafacial Migration
- Electrocyclization Reactions
- Stereocontrol during 6π-ERC
- Conrotation and Disrotation
- Stereocontrol during 6π-ERC
Carbohydrates & Sugars
- Aldoses
- Ketoses
- The Anomeric Carbon
- Pyranoses
- Furanoses
- Alditols
- Aldaric Acids
- The Fischer Proof of the Absolute Configuration of (D)-Glyceraldehyde
- Kiliani-Fischer Reaction
- Osazones
- Tollen's Reagent
- Haworth Projections (pronounced like Hayworth)
- Ruff Degradation
The Anomeric Effect (Negative Hyperconjugation)
- Stereoelectronic Effects between π and p-type orbitals with σ* orbitals (filled→empty)
- Glycosidic Linkages and their Terminology
Fats and Lipids
- Saponification
- Triglycerides, Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids & Cholesterol
- Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and their Common Names
Amino Acids and Proteins
- Peptide Synthesis
- The Polypeptide bond, Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, & Quaternary Structure
- Enzymes and the Active Site
- pH gradient gel Electrophoresis
- pKa and pI
Nucleotides, Nucleosides, DNA & RNA
- Purines and Pyrimidines
- Nucleotide Analogues & Pharmacology
- Transcription
- Translation
Organic Chemistry 2
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